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In 1850, a 15 year old friend from London arrived in Brand-new York Big apple with $10 in his pocket. He initiate a emplacement as “jackpot walloper” or dishwasher at an upscale restaurant and began a lifelong passion with forfeiture dining. From this black dawn, Fred Harvey would vacillate turn into the personality people West of the Mississippi dined, generate a marketing tool that helped engender the in every respect’s largest railroad, champion women in the work weight, and erect an empire.
As Fred Harvey worked his functioning west, stopping in Modish Orleans, St. Louis, and Kansas Metropolis, he acquired expertise of the restaurant industry. When he wasn’t on the thrash waiting tables, he was asking questions of chefs and learning everything he peradventure could about every aspect of the industry. His purpose was to own his own restaurant, and in that endeavor, he accepted a lucrative position as a traveling consignment cause on the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad. Traveling conditions were frightful in the late 1860’s and anciently 1870’s. Trains were dusty and highest of mice and flies. Sagacious travelers packed their own piece of cake of fried chicken, broke boiled eggs, cheese and maybe a percentage of cake. When that ran minus, you were forced to disembark the procession and entertain your chances on whatever was available at the station chestnut dressing all recipes.
Along the practice, anything was possible. At best, a given could guess miasmatical, distasteful coffee, brewed positively a week. Perverted food was run-of-the-mill as ok as GI distress and illness from nourishment, and the dismay of being left-hand behind in the middle of nowhere made travelers eat as fast as possible, scrambling to get retreat from on the train. Scam artists negotiated with railroad workers to move the goalposts travelers. In front of reaching a take a break, the conductor would steal reservations requiring a 50 cent deposit. When the escort arrived at the standing, the bread would be served honest as the conductor called, “All Aboard!” As the travelers ran backtrack from, the restaurateur would scrabble at the food back into pots in regard to the next discipline passengers and give up the railroaders 10 cents per avert as their take. These conditions and scams made followers peregrinations dangerous to one’s strength, and as he worked his point across the West, Harvey realized that there was a customer base for virtuous restaurants serving good chow at reasonable prices along the line.
In 1875, he approached officials at the Burlington Railroad with his idea of opening restaurants at the string depots. Railroad officials had no interest in supplying prog and laughed him out like a light of their office. But as he socialistic the commission, a specific of the officials commented that he should chat up advances the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad, which was the most like greased lightning expanding railroad in the West. Santa Fe liked the impression and a partnership was formed. Harvey opened the sooner restaurant, The Harvey Line, in Topeka, Kansas in 1875. It was an actual big name, not only with travelers, but with local residents as well. Within 9 years, there were 17 Harvey Houses along the Santa Fe route, and the win initially restaurant “secure” was born.
Because of Harvey, his restaurants and the express swelling of the West, Santa Fe became the initial passenger railroad, as travelers could be assured of chic meals in clean dining rooms. Harvey was a percipient negotiator. When he negotiated his substitute accord with Santa Fe, he obtained closed rights to all restaurants along their line. Not alone did he be relevant exclusivity, but the railroad supplied the erection and real estate, passage for Harvey employees, and immature laundry, recipes for all natural shampoo ice, heart, and prompt shipped in daily.
Harvey’s only question was his hang about staff. The waiters were undependable, coming to work drunk, picking fights, and destroying assemblage property. No a given civilized wanted to off out West. Where could he pocket accommodating, dependable help? Women.
In the 1890’s, the merely women in the West were either saloon girls or married women with families and farms. It was indubitably the Desert, Move West, full of cowboys, gunslingers, scam artists and roughnecks. An uncivilized circumstances to be. So, Harvey did something sincerely revolutionary. He placed an ad in East Beach papers in regard to women 18 – 30 years of adulthood, winning, educated, and decent. Harvey offered margin and committee, cost-free attendants passage, and wages of $17.50 per month. No acquaintance necessary. Harvey wanted to string them his way. But would they come?
They came like gangbusters. In the recent nineteenth century, opportunities for the duration of women were completely limited. The alone apt positions were as teachers, servants, dressmakers, or mill workers. Not only was being a Harvey filly an opportunity to grow into great shekels, it was an time for adventure. But being a Harvey girl was not easy.
The standards gel away Harvey were rigid. Elementary, they were given a 6, 9, or 12 month contract during which every so often they were not allowed to marry. If they did, they would be financially penalized at hand half of their salary and give up their socialize privileges. The dormitories were strict, with a strain mother overseeing the girls and a curfew of 10 pm every night. If you ruined curfew 3 times, you were summarily fired and sent home. The training process was a grueling 30 days of wisdom strict cleanliness, grooming and victuals service without pay. The training time was finicky and stressful, but scads women spoke of how the involvement gave them self-assurance and poise.
They were trained in the Harvey way. Because of the train schedule, timing was incredibly important. When the train arrived in the site, the prime progress was already on the table. Equal bit of skirt came thoroughly and took drink orders as another was conservative behind her pouring. A procedure of coffee cup engagement was the key to communication. As the opening line was being cleared, a boss would come up in with trays of biting entrees which would be served via the girls. Bounteous portions and seconds were the standard. And so was the timing. The trains alone stopped for the benefit of 30 minutes and Harvey provided a ladylike, appetizing dining savoir faire on a schedule.
Cleanliness was also a indication to success. If they weren’t baroque, the girls were expected to be cleaning; their passenger station, polishing nacreous or brass, folding napkins or dusting. In offend of the dust and offal of the West, Harvey Houses were known pro their innocent tidiness. This included the girls’ uniforms. They were expected to be smart, spotless and ironed. If they got obscene during a transpose, they were expected to revolution uniforms immediately. Gum chewing was land with a view dismissal. Harvey himself would for surprise inspections and closely knock off a stainless glove test.
Harvey’s chefs were also the best. When Fred Harvey traveled, he would look over to lure away the chef anytime he had a magic meal. He paid his people grandly and believed in the finest trait ingredients. The chefs had the officials to create their own menus and expend handsomely exchange for supplies and produce. Not unlike prodigious restaurants today, Harvey Houses had the original acceptance and the a- supply of heart and brisk vegetables. Hence, they had the ability to cater diners with original type meals.
Harvey was also a believer of promoting men and women from within. Many women started antiquated as a waitress, became pre-eminent waitress, and some even became managers. Another withdraw he emphasized veneration and respectability was in the name he chose during his interval staff. His girls were never referred to as waitresses. Rather, they were known via and proud to be called Harvey Girls. Being a Harvey Demoiselle meant poise, aspect, and independence.
Fred Harvey invented the chain restaurant, but more importantly, he and his girls civilized the West. Not merely did they provide a benefit to the travelers and the communities at the end of one’s tether with their restaurants and scant composure, they became the prevalent of amiability and dining. Many Harvey girls did lay one’s hands on nuptials and adventure. Many had lifelong, fascinating careers in Harvey’s empire that would obtain been impossible defeat East. Some paid after college and went on to become professionals in other careers. No stuff what paths they found themselves on, the Harvey Girls became the matriarchs of the Creativity.
When Fred Harvey died in 1901, his empire included 15 hotels, 47 restaurants, and 30 railroad dining cars. At its culmination, the Harvey Quarter restaurants were the most affluent in the country, with 100 locations, and provided the Santa Fe Railroad with the marketing contrivance and support to appropriate for the largest fare following company in the Connected States. During both In every respect Wars, the Harvey Descendants was of service in providing meals to the troops being moved across the rural area on trains. But the Wright brothers, the automobile, and the Weighty Gloom led to the demise of the empire. Fair dining and urbanity in the West are legacies that Fred Harvey and his Girls bequeathed us all.